Young people represent the hope and future of the world.
第一章 Peace in the Atomic Age (1)
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦：原子能时代的和平
I am grateful to you for the opportunity to express my conviction in this most important political question.
The idea of achieving security through national armament is，at the present state of military technique，a disastrous illusion. On the part of the United States，this illusion has been particularly fostered by the fact that this country succeeded first in producing an atomic bomb. The belief seemed to prevail that in the end it were possible to achieve decisive military superiority.
In this way，any potential opponent would be intimidated，and security，so ardently desired by all of us，brought to us，and to all of humanity. The maxim which we have been following during the last five years has been，in short：Security through superior military power，whatever the cost.
The armament race between the USA and the USSR，originally supposed to be a preventive measure，assumes hysterical character. On both sides，the means to mass destruction are perfected with feverish haste—behind the respective walls of secrecy. The H-bomb appears on the public horizon as a probably attainable goal.
If successful，radioactive poisoning of the atmosphere and hence annihilation of any life on earth has been brought within the range of technical possibilities. The ghostlike character of this development lies in its apparently compulsory trend. Every step appears as the unavoidable consequence of the preceding one. In the end，there beckons more and more clearly general annihilation.
Is there any way out of this impasse created by man himself ？ All of us，and particularly those who are responsible for an attitude of the US and the USSR，should realize that we may have vanquished an external enemy，but have been incapable of getting rid of the mentality created by the war.
It is impossible to achieve peace as long as every single action is taken with a possible future conflict in view. The leading point of view of all political actions should therefore be：What can we do to bring about a peaceful co-existence and even loyal cooperation of the nations？
The first problem is to do away with mutual fear and distrust. Solemn renunciation of violence (not only with respect to means of mass destruction) is undoubtedly necessary.
Such renunciation，however，can only be effective if at the same time a supernational judicial and executive body is set up empowered to decide questions of immediate concern to the security of the nations. Even a declaration of the nations to collaborate loyally in the realization of such a“restricted world government”would considerably reduce the imminent danger of war.
In the last analysis，every kind of peaceful cooperation among men is primarily based on mutual trust and only secondly on institutions such as courts of justice and police. This holds formations as well as for individuals. And the basis of trust is loyal to give and take.
我非常感谢大家给我机会对这个最重要的政治问题发表见解。
就现如今军事技术发展的情况来看，想通过加强军备来保障国家安全的概念，只是一个会招致大祸的幻想。就美国而言，因为她率先研制出了原子弹，故她也最容易抱此幻想。而美国最终可能取得决定性的军事优势地位这种想法似乎颇受青睐。
这样，任何潜在的对手都会受到震慑，我们共同期盼的安全就会降临到我们乃至全人类身旁。近5年来我们一直恪守的座右铭，简言之就是：不惜一切代价，通过强势的军事力量保证安全。
美苏军备竞赛的初衷是为了防止战争的发生，现在却已显出狂躁的性质了。在保证安全的漂亮幌子下，双方都以狂热的速度完善其大规模破坏性武器。在公众心中，氢弹的制造似乎已经是可以达到的目标了。
如果氢弹研制成功的话，大气层可能会遭受的放射性污染，以及进而可能导致地球上所有生命灭绝，在技术上已经成为可能。这种发展的恐怖性在于它的发展显然已经成为一种无法遏止的态势。有了第一步，必然会有第二步的出现。最终，越来越明显地，必然导致全人类的灭亡。
我们还能在这个人类自己制造的死局中找到出路吗？我们所有的人，特别是那些美国和苏联的决策者们，应该明白我们也许可以战胜外界的敌人，但战争带来的那种心理状态，却是我们无法消除的。
如果每采取一次行动都考虑将来可能会发生冲突，那么和平是不可能实现的。因此，一切政治活动的首要出发点就是：为了实现国与国之间的和平共存甚至真诚合作，我们能做什么呢？
首先就是要解除双方的畏惧和猜忌。毫无疑问，庄严地声明放弃使用武力（不仅指放弃大规模的破坏性武器）是不可缺少的。
然而，要想有效地杜绝武力的使用，必须同时成立一个超越国家的司法和执行机构，赋予它权力来决定与各国安全密切相关的问题。即便是各国发表共同声明，保证精诚合作，促成这样一个“权力有限的世界政府”的成立，也会大大降低战争发生的危险。
总之，相互信任是人类各种和平合作的首要基础，法庭与警察机关之类的机构只是其次。个人交往如此，国家关系也是如此。而信任的建立就在于互相之间以诚相待。
导读
1945年8月，美国向日本广岛和长崎投掷了两枚原子弹，导致25万人死亡。爱因斯坦，作为原子弹基本原理的发现者和制造原子弹的倡导者，深感痛苦和懊丧。从此，防止毁灭人类的核战争，推进世界永久和平成为他战后的首要任务。这是爱因斯坦 1950年2月 12日在美国发表的电视演说。
单词注解
express [iks5pres] v.表达，陈述
preventive [pri5ventiv] adj.预防的，防止的
vanquish [5vANkwiF] v.征服，击败
considerably [kEn5sidErEbEli] adv.相当，非常，颇
诵读名句
The maxim which we have been following during the last five years has been，in short：Security through superior military power，whatever the cost.
The ghostlike character of this development lies in its apparently compulsory trend.
迈向成功之路
On the road to success
第一章 Baccalaureate Address to Class of 2008
哈佛第一任女校长在毕业典礼上的讲话
Drew G. Faust/德鲁·吉尔平·福斯特
In the last analysis，every kind of peaceful co-operation among men is primarily based on mutual trust and only secondly on institutions such as courts of justice and police.
In the curious custom of this venerable institution，I find myself standing before you expected to impart words of lasting wisdom. Here I am in a pulpit，dressed like a Puritan minister—an apparition that would have horrified many of my distinguished forebears and perhaps rededicated some of them to the extirpation of witches. This moment would have propelled Increase and Cotton① into a true“Mather lather.”But here I am and there you are and it is the moment of and for Veritas.
第一章 Peace in the Atomic Age (2)
You have been undergraduates for four years. I have been president for not quite one. You have known three presidents；I one senior class. Where then lies the voice of experience？ Maybe you should be offering the wisdom. Perhaps our roles could be reversed and I could，in Harvard Law School style，do cold calls for the next hour or so.
